Impact of cattle on joint dynamics and disease burden of Japanese encephalitis and leptospirosis

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne neglected tropical disease. JE mostly found in rural areas where people usually keep cattle at home for their needs. Cattle households reduce virus infections since they distract vectors and act as dead-end host the virus. However, presence of introduces risk leptospirosis humans. Leptospirosis bacterial disease that spreads through direct or indirect contact urine infected cattle. Thus, have both positive negative impacts on human burden. This study uses mathematical model to joint dynamics these two diseases identify net impact annual burden JE-prevalent areas. Analysis indicates helps overall this reduction dominated by vector's feeding pattern. To best our knowledge, first examine leptospirosis.